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ScrollView

バージョン 1.0.4 で追加.

The ScrollView widget provides a scrollable/pannable viewport that is clipped at the scrollview’s bounding box.

Scrolling Behavior

The ScrollView accepts only one child and applies a viewport/window to it according to the scroll_x and scroll_y properties. Touches are analyzed to determine if the user wants to scroll or control the child in some other manner: you cannot do both at the same time. To determine if interaction is a scrolling gesture, these properties are used:

If a touch travels scroll_distance pixels within the scroll_timeout period, it is recognized as a scrolling gesture and translation (scroll/pan) will begin. If the timeout occurs, the touch down event is dispatched to the child instead (no translation).

The default value for those settings can be changed in the configuration file:

[widgets]
scroll_timeout = 250
scroll_distance = 20

バージョン 1.1.1 で追加: ScrollView now animates scrolling in Y when a mousewheel is used.

Limiting to the X or Y Axis

By default, the ScrollView allows scrolling along both the X and Y axes. You can explicitly disable scrolling on an axis by setting the do_scroll_x or do_scroll_y properties to False.

Managing the Content Size and Position

The ScrollView manages the position of its children similarly to a RelativeLayout but does not use the size_hint. You must carefully specify the size of your content to get the desired scroll/pan effect.

By default, the size_hint is (1, 1), so the content size will fit your ScrollView exactly (you will have nothing to scroll). You must deactivate at least one of the size_hint instructions (x or y) of the child to enable scrolling. Setting size_hint_min to not be None will also enable scrolling for that dimension when the ScrollView is smaller than the minimum size.

To scroll a GridLayout on it’s Y-axis/vertically, set the child’s width to that of the ScrollView (size_hint_x=1), and set the size_hint_y property to None:

from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.uix.scrollview import ScrollView
from kivy.core.window import Window
from kivy.app import runTouchApp

layout = GridLayout(cols=1, spacing=10, size_hint_y=None)
# Make sure the height is such that there is something to scroll.
layout.bind(minimum_height=layout.setter('height'))
for i in range(100):
    btn = Button(text=str(i), size_hint_y=None, height=40)
    layout.add_widget(btn)
root = ScrollView(size_hint=(1, None), size=(Window.width, Window.height))
root.add_widget(layout)

runTouchApp(root)

Overscroll Effects

バージョン 1.7.0 で追加.

When scrolling would exceed the bounds of the ScrollView, it uses a ScrollEffect to handle the overscroll. These effects can perform actions like bouncing back, changing opacity, or simply preventing scrolling beyond the normal boundaries. Note that complex effects may perform many computations, which can be slow on weaker hardware.

You can change what effect is being used by setting effect_cls to any effect class. Current options include:

  • ScrollEffect: Does not allow scrolling beyond the ScrollView boundaries.
  • DampedScrollEffect: The current default. Allows the user to scroll beyond the normal boundaries, but has the content spring back once the touch/click is released.
  • OpacityScrollEffect: Similar to the DampedScrollEffect, but also reduces opacity during overscroll.

You can also create your own scroll effect by subclassing one of these, then pass it as the effect_cls in the same way.

Alternatively, you can set effect_x and/or effect_y to an instance of the effect you want to use. This will override the default effect set in effect_cls.

All the effects are located in the kivy.effects.

class kivy.uix.scrollview.ScrollView(**kwargs)[ソース]

ベースクラス: kivy.uix.stencilview.StencilView

ScrollView class. See module documentation for more information.

Events:
on_scroll_start

Generic event fired when scrolling starts from touch.

on_scroll_move

Generic event fired when scrolling move from touch.

on_scroll_stop

Generic event fired when scrolling stops from touch.

バージョン 1.9.0 で変更: on_scroll_start, on_scroll_move and on_scroll_stop events are now dispatched when scrolling to handle nested ScrollViews.

バージョン 1.7.0 で変更: auto_scroll, scroll_friction, scroll_moves, scroll_stoptime’ has been deprecated, use :attr:`effect_cls instead.

bar_color

Color of horizontal / vertical scroll bar, in RGBA format.

バージョン 1.2.0 で追加.

bar_color is a ListProperty and defaults to [.7, .7, .7, .9].

bar_inactive_color

Color of horizontal / vertical scroll bar (in RGBA format), when no scroll is happening.

バージョン 1.9.0 で追加.

bar_inactive_color is a ListProperty and defaults to [.7, .7, .7, .2].

bar_margin

Margin between the bottom / right side of the scrollview when drawing the horizontal / vertical scroll bar.

バージョン 1.2.0 で追加.

bar_margin is a NumericProperty, default to 0

bar_pos

Which side of the scroll view to place each of the bars on.

bar_pos is a ReferenceListProperty of (bar_pos_x, bar_pos_y)

bar_pos_x

Which side of the ScrollView the horizontal scroll bar should go on. Possible values are ‘top’ and ‘bottom’.

バージョン 1.8.0 で追加.

bar_pos_x is an OptionProperty, defaults to ‘bottom’.

bar_pos_y

Which side of the ScrollView the vertical scroll bar should go on. Possible values are ‘left’ and ‘right’.

バージョン 1.8.0 で追加.

bar_pos_y is an OptionProperty and defaults to ‘right’.

bar_width

Width of the horizontal / vertical scroll bar. The width is interpreted as a height for the horizontal bar.

バージョン 1.2.0 で追加.

bar_width is a NumericProperty and defaults to 2.

convert_distance_to_scroll(dx, dy)[ソース]

Convert a distance in pixels to a scroll distance, depending on the content size and the scrollview size.

The result will be a tuple of scroll distance that can be added to scroll_x and scroll_y

do_scroll

Allow scroll on X or Y axis.

do_scroll is a AliasProperty of (do_scroll_x + do_scroll_y)

do_scroll_x

Allow scroll on X axis.

do_scroll_x is a BooleanProperty and defaults to True.

do_scroll_y

Allow scroll on Y axis.

do_scroll_y is a BooleanProperty and defaults to True.

effect_cls

Class effect to instantiate for X and Y axis.

バージョン 1.7.0 で追加.

effect_cls is an ObjectProperty and defaults to DampedScrollEffect.

バージョン 1.8.0 で変更: If you set a string, the Factory will be used to resolve the class.

effect_x

Effect to apply for the X axis. If None is set, an instance of effect_cls will be created.

バージョン 1.7.0 で追加.

effect_x is an ObjectProperty and defaults to None.

effect_y

Effect to apply for the Y axis. If None is set, an instance of effect_cls will be created.

バージョン 1.7.0 で追加.

effect_y is an ObjectProperty and defaults to None, read-only.

hbar

Return a tuple of (position, size) of the horizontal scrolling bar.

バージョン 1.2.0 で追加.

The position and size are normalized between 0-1, and represent a percentage of the current scrollview height. This property is used internally for drawing the little horizontal bar when you’re scrolling.

vbar is a AliasProperty, readonly.

scroll_distance

Distance to move before scrolling the ScrollView, in pixels. As soon as the distance has been traveled, the ScrollView will start to scroll, and no touch event will go to children. It is advisable that you base this value on the dpi of your target device’s screen.

scroll_distance is a NumericProperty and defaults to 20 (pixels), according to the default value in user configuration.

scroll_timeout

Timeout allowed to trigger the scroll_distance, in milliseconds. If the user has not moved scroll_distance within the timeout, the scrolling will be disabled, and the touch event will go to the children.

scroll_timeout is a NumericProperty and defaults to 55 (milliseconds) according to the default value in user configuration.

バージョン 1.5.0 で変更: Default value changed from 250 to 55.

scroll_to(widget, padding=10, animate=True)[ソース]

Scrolls the viewport to ensure that the given widget is visible, optionally with padding and animation. If animate is True (the default), then the default animation parameters will be used. Otherwise, it should be a dict containing arguments to pass to Animation constructor.

バージョン 1.9.1 で追加.

scroll_type

Sets the type of scrolling to use for the content of the scrollview. Available options are: [‘content’], [‘bars’], [‘bars’, ‘content’].

バージョン 1.8.0 で追加.

scroll_type is a OptionProperty, defaults to [‘content’].

scroll_wheel_distance

Distance to move when scrolling with a mouse wheel. It is advisable that you base this value on the dpi of your target device’s screen.

バージョン 1.8.0 で追加.

scroll_wheel_distance is a NumericProperty , defaults to 20 pixels.

scroll_x

X scrolling value, between 0 and 1. If 0, the content’s left side will touch the left side of the ScrollView. If 1, the content’s right side will touch the right side.

This property is controled by ScrollView only if do_scroll_x is True.

scroll_x is a NumericProperty and defaults to 0.

scroll_y

Y scrolling value, between 0 and 1. If 0, the content’s bottom side will touch the bottom side of the ScrollView. If 1, the content’s top side will touch the top side.

This property is controled by ScrollView only if do_scroll_y is True.

scroll_y is a NumericProperty and defaults to 1.

update_from_scroll(*largs)[ソース]

Force the reposition of the content, according to current value of scroll_x and scroll_y.

This method is automatically called when one of the scroll_x, scroll_y, pos or size properties change, or if the size of the content changes.

vbar

Return a tuple of (position, size) of the vertical scrolling bar.

バージョン 1.2.0 で追加.

The position and size are normalized between 0-1, and represent a percentage of the current scrollview height. This property is used internally for drawing the little vertical bar when you’re scrolling.

vbar is a AliasProperty, readonly.

viewport_size

(internal) Size of the internal viewport. This is the size of your only child in the scrollview.

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